Tuesday, March 26, 2013

Oil / Gas fired boilers


Technology
Flame has a tendency to burn upward only. This forms the basic concept of burner. Whenever fresh fuel enters into the ignition zone it starts burning upwards and the flame will not come downwards to the incoming fuel, by this property combustion can be controlled easily, hence it is always better to bring the oil or gas train from bottom of the burning.

A liquid or gas fuel has flow able property by nature and it has a lower ignition temperature. When the fuel is forced to flow through the nozzle it will spread though a predetermined length and burn completely from the point of entry to the firing zone estimated. The fuel flow can be controlled by means of control valves.
Characteristics of oil
In today's climate of fluctuating international fuel prices and quality, the emphasis on the ability if the boiler on low quality fuel oils has become greater. In the international market, the quality of the residual fuel oils is constantly getting poorer due to the development of more sophisticated cracking methods and also our indigenous crude production falls short of our requirements, about 15 million tons of crude is imported from outside sources. These outside sources are many; our refineries handle a variety of crude. Since the inherent properties of the finished petroleum products are directly dependent on the parent crude, one can imagine the petroleum involved in producing residual fuel oil within narrow limits of specifications, especially with respect to specified characteristics like carbon residue, aspartames and metallic constituents is not possible.
Flash point
Flash point is important primarily from a fuel handling stand point. Too low a flash point will cause fuel to be fire hazard subject to flashing and possible continued ignition and explosion. Petroleum products are classified as dangerous or non dangerous for handling purposes based on flash point.
Pour point
The pour point of the fuel gave an indication of the lowest temperature, above which the fuel can be pumped. Additives may be used to lower the freezing temperature of fuels. Such additives usually work by modifying the wax crystals so that they are less likely to form a rigid structure. It is advisable to store and handle fuels around 10ยบ C above the expected pour point.
Viscosity
Viscosity is one of the most important heavy fuel oil characteristics for industrial and commercial use, it is indicative of the rate at which the oil will flow in fuel systems and the ease with which it can atomized in a given type of burner. When the temperature increases viscosity of fuel will reduce.

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